The Demographic Outlook: 2025 to 2055

The U.S. population is on a slow but steady growth trajectory, increasing from 350 million in 2025 to 372 million by 2055. However, this growth is not evenly distributed across age groups—by 2033, annual deaths will surpass births, making immigration the primary driver of population expansion. With fertility rates below replacement levels and an aging population, the workforce will face a shift, as fewer younger workers support a growing number of retirees. These demographic trends have wide-reaching implications for the economy, labor force, and federal programs like Social Security and Medicare.