The Scale of Russian Sabotage Operations Against Europe’s Critical Infrastructure

This report investigates how Russia, Iran, and North Korea have sustained their missile and UAV production despite extensive international sanctions. Using battlefield evidence from Ukraine, the study reveals how foreign-made components—many sourced through intermediaries in East Asia—continue to flow into sanctioned weapons programs. It highlights the gaps in global export-control regimes and shows how commercial, dual-use technologies evade oversight through complex supply chains. The authors propose strengthening end-use controls and enhancing industry accountability to prevent technological diversion in future conflicts.