Dispersion as Uncertainty

Modern ISR and AI-enabled targeting are reducing the effectiveness of traditional force dispersion, requiring new approaches to survivability. This paper reframes dispersion as creating uncertainty across physical, electromagnetic, and cognitive domains to disrupt adversary targeting and decision-making. It explores how data-driven targeting, sensor fusion, and automated kill chains demand adaptive operational concepts, deception, and distributed operations. The author argues that future survivability depends on complicating enemy perception and decision cycles, not just spreading forces geographically.